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Human Bones

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HOW MANY BONES ARE IN THE HUMAN BODY? The average human body has 206 bones, but infants have around 270 and about 8% of adults have more or fewer than 206. The human skeletal system is a complex and fascinating marvel of biological engineering. Not only does it provide structural support for the body, but it also aids in movement, protects vital organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals. Given its myriad functions and intricate nature, one may wonder how many bones comprise this essential system. The average adult human has 206 bones, but around 15% of people have more or fewer bones. HOW MANY BONES ARE THERE IN THE HUMAN BODY? The Average Adult The most frequently cited number of bones in the adult human body is 206. This includes everything from the minuscule bones in the ear to the long bones like the femur that make up the limbs. The Newborn Infant However, newborn infants start with a higher count of around 270 bones. As they grow, some of these bones gradually fuse togeth...
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SURGICAL INCISIONS

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SURGICAL INCISIONS 1. Kocher's incision Kocher's incision is a type of surgical incision named after the Swiss surgeon Emil Theodor Kocher. It is commonly used to gain access to the gallbladder, bile ducts, and upper part of the small intestine (duodenum) during surgical procedures. The incision starts from the right subcostal area (just below the rib cage) and extends towards the midline of the abdomen. It is typically a curved or slightly oblique incision, with the convexity directed towards the right side of the patient's body. The incision may vary in length depending on the specific surgical procedure and the patient's anatomy. Kocher's incision provides good exposure to the gallbladder and surrounding structures, making it suitable for procedures such as cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder) and exploration of the common bile duct. It allows the surgeon to visualize and manipulate these structures effectively. Although Kocher's incision ...
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UTERINE PROLAPSE

Uterine Prolapse - 3rd Year GNM, Midwifery and Gynecological Nursing (Definition, Causes, Stages, Sign and Symptoms, Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention) UTERINE PROLAPSE Definition: Uterine prolapse is a condition where the uterus slips from its normal position and pelvic cavity into the vagina. It happens when your tissue or muscle of the uterus becomes weak. Complete uterine prolapse in which the uterus protrudes through the vaginal hymen is known as procidentia. Uterine Prolapse Etiology/Cause: Pregnancy / childbirth with normal or complicated vaginal delivery Weakness in the pelvic muscle due to age Weakening tissue tone due menopause Risk Factor: Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) Obesity Chronic cough Pelvic tumors Straining due to Constipation Heavy lifting Using tobacco and smoking makes your lungs condition bad and due to chronic cough you may leads to uterine prolapse. Stages: ⇨First degree: The cervix drops into the vagina. ⇨Second degree: The cervix drops to the ...
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